Vilazodone

Vilazodone treats major depression in adults. Anxiety symptoms may improve as depression improves, but it is not separately approved for every anxiety disorder.

It inhibits serotonin reuptake and partly activates serotonin 5-HT1A receptors. Benefit develops over weeks despite early changes in signaling.

Sleep, energy, or appetite may change before mood improves. Benefit usually builds over several weeks; some conditions need a longer trial at a useful dose.

Track the symptoms you are treating and how you manage daily activities. Keep follow-up appointments. Schedule an earlier appointment if your mood gets worse.

• Take every dose with food, preferably linked to the same daily meal.
• Follow the starting schedule; do not increase faster.
• If you miss a dose, take it when you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. Then skip it. Do not double a dose.
• If you vomit after a dose, do not automatically repeat it. Consult with your provider or pharmacist.

• Diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
• Insomnia or dizziness
• Headache
• Sexual side effects

Some side effects resolve with time; others may require a change of medication. Discuss persistent or bothersome side effects with your provider.

Antidepressants can increase suicidal thoughts in people under 25. Watch for changes in mood or behavior at any age, especially when starting treatment or changing a dose.

Tell your provider about emotional numbness, unusual agitation, or a reduced need for sleep with increased energy. These changes may call for a treatment adjustment.

Report unusual bruising or bleeding, severe headache, confusion, or marked weakness. SSRIs can increase bleeding risk and sometimes lower blood sodium.

For a suspected overdose, call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 immediately, even if you feel well. Call 911 for a seizure, collapse, trouble breathing, or inability to wake.

Discuss any history of mania or bipolar disorder, seizures, heart disease, glaucoma, and kidney or liver problems.

Discuss pregnancy, pregnancy plans, and breastfeeding with your provider. Treatment decisions should consider both the medication and the condition being treated.

Review all your medications with your provider, including over-the-counter medicines and supplements. Have new medications checked before taking them.

Do not combine with an MAOI; the waiting period depends on the medication being stopped. Linezolid and IV methylene blue also require special precautions.

Other antidepressants, tramadol, dextromethorphan cough medicines, triptans, lithium, and St. John’s wort may increase serotonin-syndrome risk.

Aspirin, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, and anticoagulants can add bleeding risk. Review alcohol and other medicines that impair alertness.

Strong CYP3A inhibitors can require a lower maximum dose. Inducers can reduce exposure; the provider should manage adjustments.

A regular dose time and refill reminder can help prevent missed doses.

Bring a few specific observations to appointments: sleep, motivation, anxiety, and activities that have become easier or harder.

Keep medication in its labeled container, away from excess heat and moisture and out of reach of children and pets. Do not share it. Ask a pharmacy about disposal of unused medication.